{"id":579,"date":"2023-01-07T10:17:16","date_gmt":"2023-01-07T02:17:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.etsme.com\/wiki\/579\/"},"modified":"2023-01-09T11:36:14","modified_gmt":"2023-01-09T03:36:14","slug":"%e5%a4%96%e9%83%a8%e5%ad%98%e5%82%a8%e5%8f%af%e8%83%bd%e9%80%82%e5%90%88hadoop","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.etsme.com\/wiki\/579\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5916\u90e8\u5b58\u50a8\u53ef\u80fd\u9002\u5408Hadoop"},"content":{"rendered":"

\t\u4f7f\u7528Hadoop\u9a71\u52a8\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6784\u5efa\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u96c6\u7fa4\uff0c\u4e00\u53f0\u597d\u7684\u65e7\u9635\u5217\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n

\tHadoop\u7684\u6700\u521d\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u4ee5\u6a2a\u5411\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5bf9\u4fbf\u5b9c\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ca\u5176\u672c\u5730\u5b58\u50a8\u3002Hadoop\u7684\u6700\u521d\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u7b26\u5408\u6210\u672c\u6548\u76ca\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u4ee5\u524d\u662f\u884c\u4e0d\u901a\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u542c\u8bf4\u8fc7\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u3001\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u901f\u5ea6\u7b49\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ee5\u524d\u96be\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u8bcd\u8bed\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u6b64\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u516c\u53f8\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u51fa\u4ed6\u4eec\u6253\u7b97\u5f00\u53d1\u5229\u7528\u7684\u67d0\u7c7b\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

\t\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u6bcf\u5929\u4e0d\u65ad\u81a8\u80c0\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u5382\u5546\u51ed\u501f\u5176\u76f8\u5bf9\u6602\u8d35\u7684SAN\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u9644\u52a0\u5b58\u50a8\uff08network attached storage\uff0cNAS)\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u53c2\u52a0\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6d3e\u5bf9\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7559\u7ed9\u5f80\u673a\u7bb1\u91cc\u585e\u5546\u54c1\u78c1\u76d8\u9a71\u52a8\u5668\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5382\u5546\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u91c7\u7528Hadoop\u4ecd\u5904\u4e8e\u65e9\u671f\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7ade\u4e89\u548c\u6df7\u4e71\u7684\u8425\u9500\u9f13\u566a\u751a\u56a3\u5c18\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\t\u9ad8\u7ea7\u522bHadoop\u548cHDFS<\/strong><\/p>\n

\t\u5728Hadoop\u7684\u6a2a\u5411\u6269\u5c55\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6258\u7ba1\u4e86\u672c\u5730\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5171\u4eab\uff1b\u65e8\u5728\u652f\u6301\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u7a7f\u8d8a\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u641c\u7d22\u3002Hadoop\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a\u5b83\u5bf9\u6a2a\u5411\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u5757\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6267\u884c\u5e76\u884c\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08parallel algorithm\uff09\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\tHadoop\u7531\u57fa\u4e8eMapRduce\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f15\u64ce\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aHadoop \u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08Hadoop Distributed File System\uff0cHDFS)\u7684\u6570\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u7ec4\u6210\u3002Hadoop\u5229\u7528\u6570\u636e\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u201c\u5c40\u90e8\u6027\u201d\uff08locality\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528HDFS\u628a\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u6563\u5e03\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\uff0c\u628a\u5e76\u884c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u4efb\u52a1\u6258\u4ed8\u5230\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373MapReduce\u7684\u201c\u6620\u5c04\u201d\uff08map\uff09\u90e8\u5206\uff09\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u91cd\u6392\u548c\u6574\u7406\u5408\u5e76\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u800c\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\uff08\u5373\u201c\u89c4\u7ea6\u201d\uff08reduce\uff09\u90e8\u5206\uff09<\/p>\n

\t\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2aHDFS\u6570\u636e\u8282\u70b9\u5c06\u88ab\u6307\u6d3e\u4f7f\u7528DAS\u78c1\u76d8\u3002\u7136\u540eHDFS\u5c06\u5411\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8282\u70b9\u590d\u5236\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u751f\u6210\u4e24\u5230\u4e09\u4efd\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002\u590d\u5236\u7684\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u653e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4efd\u590d\u5236\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5219\u653e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u201c\u673a\u67b6\u201d\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u673a\u67b6\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u635f\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n

\t\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u590d\u5236\u6bd4RAID\u5360\u7528\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4e5f\u5177\u5907\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u5efa\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n

\t\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f7f\u7528\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5b58\u50a8\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\t\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679cHDFS\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u6e90\u4e8eMapReduce\u5f0f\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u8f7b\u6613\u5730\u5904\u7406\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u6700\u5927\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5bf9\u4fbf\u5b9c\u7684\u672c\u5730\u78c1\u76d8\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u201c\u67b6\u6784\u611f\u77e5\u201d\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5b58\u50a8\uff1f\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728HDFS\u5143\u6570\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8282\u70b9\u4e2d\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684Hadoop\u5728HDFS\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u505a\u4e86\u6539\u5584\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u628aHDFS\u5143\u6570\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u57fa\u4e8eRAID\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u4ecd\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n

\t\u5907\u4efd\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u6216\u8005\u5ba1\u8ba1\u672c\u673aHDFS\u5e76\u975e\u6613\u4e8b\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0cNAS\u548cSAN\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u6781\u597d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u5feb\u7167\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n

\t\u628a\u5916\u90e8\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u6279\u6570\u636e\u6709\u5f88\u591aIT\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1Hadoop\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a2a\u5411\u6269\u5c55\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2aPB\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u670910TB\u523050TB\u7684\u5e45\u5ea6\u3002\u51e0\u4e2aTB\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u51e0\u4e4e\u7b49\u4e8e\u96f6\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u6070\u597d\u5728\u6a2a\u5411\u6269\u5c55\u7684SAN\u548cNAS\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u6210\u672c\u6548\u76ca\u8303\u56f4\u4e4b\u5185\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5bf9\u516c\u53f8\u73b0\u6709\u4e1a\u52a1\u6d41\u7a0b\u800c\u8a00\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8eHDFS\uff0c\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u88ab\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u96c6\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

\t\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6709\u7528\u4e8eHadoop\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5177\u5907\u5b89\u5168\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u90e8\u4ef6\uff08\u4f8b\u5982Sentry\u548cAccumulo\uff09\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u62a4\u662f\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5907\u4efd\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u6216\u8005\u5ba1\u8ba1\u672c\u673aHDFS\u5e76\u975e\u6613\u4e8b\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0cNAS\u548cSAN\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u6781\u597d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u5feb\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n

\t\u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e00\u6b3e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u7684Hadoop\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u7531\u4e8eHadoop\u9010\u6b65\u5f62\u6210\u5b9e\u65f6\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u6d41\u5206\u6790\u529f\u80fd\u800c\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u666e\u904d\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u6c38\u8fdc\u65e0\u6cd5\u77e5\u9053\u78c1\u76d8\u6545\u969c\u5df2\u7ecf\u51fa\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n

\t\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u5b58\u50a8\u6784\u5efaHadoop\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b58\u50a8\u7ba1\u7406\u5206\u5f00\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u201c\u589e\u957f\u7684\u8f7d\u4f53\u201d\uff08vectors of growth\uff09\u3002\u6bcb\u987b\u589e\u52a0\u5176\u5b83\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u589e\u52a0\u5b58\u50a8\u6216\u8005\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0eHadoop\u7684\u201c\u603b\u91cf\u201d\uff08gross\uff09\u590d\u5236\u76f8\u6bd4\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7RAID\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u6709\u6210\u672c\u652f\u51fa\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n

\t\u628aHadoop\u6a2a\u5411\u6269\u5c55\u8282\u70b9\u90e8\u7f72\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u673a\u5141\u8bb8\u6309\u9700\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u8f7b\u6613\u5730\u6269\u5c55\u6216\u7f29\u5c0f\u96c6\u7fa4\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n

\t\u5171\u4eab\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5236\u80dc\u4e4b\u9053\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u628a\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u79fb\u8fdb\u548c\u79fb\u51faHadoop\u96c6\u7fa4\u5177\u6709\u6311\u6218\u6027\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u901a\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bbf\u95ee\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u201c\u4e3b\u201d\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u5176\u6b63\u5728\u88abHadoop\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5199\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

\t\u865a\u62df\u5316Hadoop<\/strong><\/p>\n

\t\u5728\u865a\u62df\u5316\u7684Hadoop\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u5b58\u50a8\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9884\u8ba1\u8fd9\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e2d\u90e8\u7f72Hadoop\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u628aHadoop\u6a2a\u5411\u6269\u5c55\u8282\u70b9\u90e8\u7f72\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u673a\u5141\u8bb8\u6309\u9700\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u8f7b\u6613\u5730\u6269\u5c55\u6216\u7f29\u5c0f\u96c6\u7fa4\u3002<\/p>\n

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\t\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5b58\u653e\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/p>\n

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